Ahcc

Last Editorial Review: 6/11/2021
Other Name(s):

Active Hexose Correlated Compound, Basidiomycetes Extract, Composé Corrélé d'Hexose Actif, Compuestos Activos Correlacionados Hexosa, Extrait de Basidiomycètes, Extrait de Champignon, Fungi Extract.

Overview

AHCC is a group of chemicals taken from fungus.

AHCC is used for cancer and liver damage.

How does it work?

There isn't enough information to know how AHCC might work. Some researchers think it might increase the activity of “natural killer cells” in people who have cancer. Animal research suggests it might also be able to protect the liver against certain poisonous chemicals and prevent diabetes.

QUESTION

Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See Answer

Uses & Effectiveness

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Cancer. Research on the effects of AHCC in people with cancer is not consistent. Some limited research suggests that taking AHCC improves survival and quality of life in people with stomach, colon, or lung cancer. However, other early research suggests that taking AHCC does not improve quality of life or treatment in people with different types of cancer.
  • Chemotherapy side effects. Some early research suggests that taking AHCC might reduce some of the gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, related to chemotherapy use. However, this information is not very reliable. Other limited research that suggests AHCC might provide other benefits for people receiving chemotherapy treatments.
  • Hepatitis C. Early research suggests that taking AHCC daily for 6 months does not benefit people with hepatitis C.
  • Liver cancer. Some limited evidence suggests that taking AHCC might prolong survival and improve quality of life in people with liver cancer.
  • Prostate cancer. Early research suggests that taking AHCC daily for 6 months does not benefit people with prostate cancer.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of AHCC for these uses.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).

Side Effects

AHCC is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth appropriately in medicinal amounts. Doses of AHCC ranging from 4.5 to 6 grams daily have been used safely for up to 6 months. A lower dose (3 grams daily) has been used safely for up to 9 years.

SLIDESHOW

Vitamin D Deficiency: How Much Vitamin D Is Enough? See Slideshow

Special Precautions & Warnings

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking AHCC if you are pregnant or breast feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Autoimmune diseases: AHCC seems to increase immune function, and might make autoimmune diseases worse. Tell people with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or others to avoid or use AHCC cautiously.

Interactions


Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) substrates)Interaction Rating: Moderate Be cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. AHCC might increase how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking AHCC along with some medications that are broken down by the liver can decrease the effects and side effects of some medications. Before taking AHCC, talk to your healthcare provider if you are taking any medications that are changed by the liver.

Some medications that are changed by the liver include amitriptyline (Elavil), codeine, desipramine (Norpramin), flecainide (Tambocor), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), ondansetron (Zofran), paroxetine (Paxil), risperidone (Risperdal), tramadol (Ultram), venlafaxine (Effexor), and others.


Medications that decrease the immune system (Immunosuppressants)Interaction Rating: Moderate Be cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

AHCC increases the immune system. By increasing the immune system, AHCC might decrease the effectiveness of medications that decrease the immune system.

Some medications that decrease the immune system include azathioprine (Imuran), basiliximab (Simulect), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), daclizumab (Zenapax), muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3), mycophenolate (CellCept), tacrolimus (FK506, Prograf), sirolimus (Rapamune), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), corticosteroids (glucocorticoids), and others.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of AHCC depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for AHCC. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

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References

Amenomori, S., Fukatsu, K., Murakoshi, S., Yanagawa, M., Mitsui, T., Yokota, H., and Yashuhara, H. Does AHCC Supplementation Prevent 5-FU-induced Impairment of Gut Immunity? - A Pilot Animal Study. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Aviles, H., Belay, T., Fountain, K., Vance, M., Sun, B., and Sonnenfeld, G. Active hexose correlated compound enhances resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in mice in the hindlimb-unloading model of spaceflight conditions. J Appl.Physiol 2003;95(2):491-496. View abstract.

Aviles, H., Belay, T., Vance, M., Sun, B., and Sonnenfeld, G. Active hexose correlated compound enhances the immune function of mice in the hindlimb-unloading model of spaceflight conditions. J Appl.Physiol 2004;97(4):1437-1444. View abstract.

Aviles, H., O'Donnell, P., Orshal, J., Fujii, H., Sun, B., and Sonnenfeld, G. Active hexose correlated compound activates immune function to decrease bacterial load in a murine model of intramuscular infection. Am J Surg. 2008;195(4):537-545. View abstract.

Aviles, H., O'Donnell, P., Sun, B., and Sonnenfeld, G. Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) enhances resistance to infection in a mouse model of surgical wound infection. Surg.Infect.(Larchmt.) 2006;7(6):527-535. View abstract.

Badawi, T. A., Khalil, N. A., Abdelrahman, A. H., and Aly, Z. H. Immunoprophylactic Effect of Active Hexose Correlated Compound on Normal and Induced Submandibular Salivary Gland Neoplasm in Albino Rats. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Bold-Erdene, A., Baatamum, A., and Jigjidsuren, C. Efficacy of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients at National Cancer Center of Mongolia. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Burikhanov, R. B., Wakame, K., Igarashi, Y., Wang, S., and Matsuzaki, S. Suppressive effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) on thymic apoptosis induced by dexamethasone in the rat. Endocr.Regul. 2000;34(4):181-188. View abstract.

Cao, Z., Lin, W., Chen, R., Chen, X., Liao, L., and Ou, J. The Preliminary Study of AHCC Freeze-dried Powder and AHCC Serum on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Hepatoma Cell Line. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Cheadle, W. G., Peyton, J., Aviles, H., and Sonnenfeld, G. The Effect of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) on the Innate Host Immune Response to Chronic Murine Peritonitis. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Chutaputthi, A. Pilot Study of AHCC on HBeAg Level in CHBeAg Positive Patients on Long Term Anti-viral Treatment. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Cowawintaweewat, S., Manoromana, S., Sriplung, H., Khuhaprema, T., Tongtawe, P., Tapchaisri, P., and Chaicumpa, W. Prognostic improvement of patients with advanced liver cancer after active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) treatment. Asian Pac.J Allergy Immunol. 2006;24(1):33-45. View abstract.

Daddaoua, A., Martinez-Plata, E., Lopez-Posadas, R., Vieites, J. M., Gonzalez, M., Requena, P., Zarzuelo, A., Suarez, M. D., de Medina, F. S., and Martinez-Augustin, O. Active hexose correlated compound acts as a prebiotic and is antiinflammatory in rats with hapten-induced colitis. J Nutr. 2007;137(5):1222-1228. View abstract.

Daddaoua, A., Martinez-Plata, E., Ortega-Gonzalez, M., Ocon, B., Aranda, C. J., Zarzuelo, A., Suarez, M. D., de Medina, F. S., and Martinez-Augustin, O. The nutritional supplement Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) has direct immunomodulatory actions on intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages involving TLR/MyD88 and NF-kappaB/MAPK activation. Food Chem. 2-15-2013;136(3-4):1288-1295. View abstract.

Drannik, A. G., Kurchenko, A. I., Savchenko, V. S., and Drannik, G. N. AHCC Induces in vitro Functional Activity ofPBMC-derived Mononuclear Cells from Subjects with Recurring Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2 Infections. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Du, J. Anti-tumor Effects of AHCC in H22 Tumor-bearing ICR Mice and BALB/c Nude Mice. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Du, J. Effect of AHCC for Peripheral Blood VEGF in Hepatocarcinoma-Inoculated Mice. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Fujii, H., Nishioka, H., Wakame, K., and Sun, B. Nutritional Food Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) Enhances Resistance Against Bird Flu. Japanese Journal of Complimentary and Alt.Medicine 2007;4(2):37-39.

Fujii, H., Nishioka, N., Simon, R. R., Kaur, R., Lynch, B., and Roberts, A. Genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity evaluation of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC). Regul.Toxicol.Pharmacol. 2011;59(2):237-250. View abstract.

Fuller, R. and Kenyon, J. A Review of AHCC and 1-3/1-613 Glucan on Natural Killer Cell Activity in a Series of Cancer Patients. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Gao, Y., Zhang, D., Sun, B., Fujii, H., Kosuna, K., and Yin, Z. Active hexose correlated compound enhances tumor surveillance through regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Cancer Immunol.Immunother. 2006;55(10):1258-1266. View abstract.

Garcia, J. J., Bautista, L., Bolas, F., Fujii, H., and Torrado-Duran, J. J. Effect of AHCC on the Anthelmintic Activity of Albendazole. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Gardner, E. AHCC Supplementation of Energy-restricted Mice May Improve Natural Killer Cell Function during Primary Influenza Infection. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Ghoneum, M. NK-Immunomodulation by Active Hemicellulose Compound (AHCC) in 17 Cancer Patients. 2nd Meeting of the Society for Natural Immunity 1994.

Ghoneum, M., Wimbley, M., Salem, F., McKlain, A., Attallah, N., and Gill, G. Immunomodulatory and anticancer effects of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC). Int J Immunother 1995;11:23-28.

Haidari, M., Zhang, W., and Chen, Z. Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) Inhibits Disruption of Endothelial Adherens Junction Induced by High Concentration of Glucose. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Haidari, M., Zhang, W., Chen, Z., Ganjehei, L., Mortazavi, A., and Dixon, R. AHCC Attenuates Cytokine-induced Attachment of invasive Cancer Cells to Endothelial Cells. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Haidari, M., Zhang, W., Chen, Z., Ganjehei, L., Mortazavi, A., and Dixon, R. AHCC Protects Endothelial Cells against Disruption of Adherens Junction by Pro-inflammatory Stimuli [General Lecture]. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Hangai, S., Yamaguchi, T., Kuroda, Y., Kogure, Y., and Iwase, S. Exploratory Clinical Research on Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC): Effect of AHCC on Patients with Breast Cancer Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Hayama, K., Yamazaki, M., and Abe, S. Protective Activity of Combination of AHCC and UREX against Murine Vaginal Candidiasis. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012;

Hirata, S., Takanari, J., and Wakame, K. Evaluation of AHCC for Quality of Life (QOL) as Integrative Medicine during Treatment of Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Hirooka, S., Yanagimoto, H., Satoi, S., Toyokawa, H., Yamamoto, T., Yui, R., Yamaki, S., Michiura, T., Inoue, K., and Kwon, A. Effect of Administration of AHCC in Rat with Subcutaneous Tumor of Pancreatic Cancer Cell. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Hirose, A., Sato, E., Fujii, H., Sun, B., Nishioka, H., and Aruoma, O. I. The influence of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) on cisplatin-evoked chemotherapeutic and side effects in tumor-bearing mice. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol 7-15-2007;222(2):152-158. View abstract.

Hisajima, T., Maruyama, N., Funakoshi, K., and Abe, S. Effect of AHCC on the Mucosal Immune System of the Mice with Intestinal Candidiasis. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Hong, S. J., Chung, B. H., Kim, J. S., Lee, M. J., Yoon, S., Oh, H. Y., Lee, E. J., Lim, H. G., and Buxiang, S. The effects of GAC on the biochemical profiles and quality of life of metastatic prostate cancer patients. Korean Journal of Urology 2006;47(5):467-474.

Hunter, R. J., Fujii, H., Wakame, K., Gaikwad, A., Wolf, J. K., and Smith, J. A. Evaluation of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for treatment of ovarian cancer. International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products 2011;4(3):6-14.

Ikeda, T., Ishibashi, H., Fujisaki, R., Yamazaki, M., Wakame, K., Kosuna, K., Yamaguchi, H., Ono, Y., and Abe, S. [Prophylactic efficacy of a basidiomycetes preparation AHCC against lethal Candida albicans infection in experimental granulocytopenic mice]. Nihon Ishinkin.Gakkai Zasshi 2003;44(2):127-131. View abstract.

Ishibashi, H., Ikeda, T., Tansho, S., Ono, Y., Yamazaki, M., Sato, A., Yamaoka, K., Yamaguchi, H., and Abe, S. [Prophylactic efficacy of a basidiomycetes preparation AHCC against lethal opportunistic infections in mice]. Yakugaku Zasshi 2000;120(8):715-719. View abstract.

Ishizuka, R., Fujii, H., Miura, T., Fukuchi, Y., and Tajima, K. Personalized Cancer Therapy with AHCC and GCP; The Long-term Follow-u.p over 16 Years for Stage IV (Ml) of Non-Small Cell Lu.ng Cancer (NSCLC). Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Ishizuka, R., Fujii, H., Miura, T., Fukuchi, Y., and Tajima, K. Therapeutic Gaps between the Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) andCancer Patients in the Advanced Stage or Recurrence:Review of Cancer Therapy with AHCC and GCP under Individual EBMfrom the Long-Term Follow-up over 11 Years for Cancer of the Lung and the Brea. Presented at the 17th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2009.

Iwamoto, M. Effects of AHCC on Diabetes by Clinical and Basic Researches. The 2nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Alternative Medicine & Treatment 1999.

Jiang, S., Nakano, T., Nishizawa, M., and Kimura, T. Effect of AHCC on IFN-al Antisense RNA and mRNA Expression Levels in the Respiratory Tract of Influenza Virus AlPR/8/34-infected Guinea Pigs. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012;

Karkow, A. and Karkow, F. AHCC: A Personal Experience. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Kawaguchi, Y. Improved Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer or Colon Cancer when treated with Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC): Effect of AHCC on digestive system cancer. Nautral Medicine Journal 2009;1(1):1-6.

Kidd, P. M. The use of mushroom glucans and proteoglycans in cancer treatment. Altern.Med Rev. 2000;5(1):4-27. View abstract.

Kim, J. The Effect of AHCC in non-viral, chronic and abnormal liver function condition: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-control study. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Kulkarni, A. Dietary AHCC in Acute Gut Injury Model. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Kurokawa, T. Use of AHCC in Multimodality Therapy against Advanced or Terminal Cancer. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Lee, W. W. and Kang, I. Investigating the Effect of AHCC and a-Glucan on IL-IP and IL-6 Production from Human Monocytes. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Lee, W. W., Lee, N., Fujii, H., and Kang, I. Active Hexose Correlated Compound promotes T helper (Th) 17 and 1 cell responses via inducing IL-1beta production from monocytes in humans. Cell Immunol. 2012;275(1-2):19-23. View abstract.

Lee, W. W., Shin, M. S., and Kang, I. AHCC Induces Production ofIL-17 from CD4+ T Cells via Stimulating Monocytes in Humans. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Luo, A., Zhang, K., Wakame, K., and Kulkarni, A. Dietary Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) Decreases Ischemial Reperfusion Injury [General Lecture]. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Mach, C. M., Fugii, H., Wakame, K., and Smith, J. Evaluation of active hexose correlated compound hepatic metabolism and potential for drug interactions with chemotherapy agents. J Soc Integr.Oncol. 2008;6(3):105-109. View abstract.

Maeno, H., Takanari, J., and Wakame, K. Effect of AHCC for Palliative Care in Horne Care Patients with Terminal Cancer. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Masuyama, T., Mizuishi, Y., Moriyama, A., Takeshita, K., Takahashi, T., and Kuwabara, M. Application of New Immunotherapy Using AHCC for Animal Disease. Presented at the 8th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2000;

Matsui, K., Kawaguchi, Y., Ozaki, T., Tokuhara, K., Tanaka, H., Kaibori, M., Matsui, Y., Kamiyama, Y., Wakame, K., Miura, T., Nishizawa, M., and Okumura, T. Effect of active hexose correlated compound on the production of nitric oxide in hepatocytes. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr. 2007;31(5):373-380. View abstract.

Matsui, K., Ozaki, T., Oishi, M., Tanaka, Y., Kaibori, M., Nishizawa, M., Okumura, T., and Kwon, A. H. Active hexose correlated compound inhibits the expression of proinflammatory biomarker iNOS in hepatocytes. Eur.Surg.Res 2011;47(4):274-283. View abstract.

Matsui, Y. and Kamiyama, Y. Retrospective study in breast cancer patients supplemented with AHCC. International Journal of Integrative Oncology 2009;3(2):12-16.

Matsui, Y., Uhara, J., Satoi, S., Kaibori, M., Yamada, H., Kitade, H., Imamura, A., Takai, S., Kawaguchi, Y., Kwon, A. H., and Kamiyama, Y. Improved prognosis of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma patients when treated with functional foods: a prospective cohort study. J Hepatol. 2002;37(1):78-86. View abstract.

Matsushita, K., Kuramitsu, Y., Ohiro, Y., Obara, M., Kobayashi, M., Li, Y. Q., and Hosokawa, M. Combination therapy of active hexose correlated compound plus UFT significantly reduces the metastasis of rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Drugs 1998;9(4):343-350. View abstract.

Matuo, A., Yamada, M., Nakayama, K., Sudou, K., Yamada, K., Nakagawa, H., Takahasi, T., Takeshita, K., and Kuwabara, M. Application of the New Immunotherapy Using AHCC for Animal Disease I. Presented at the 8th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2000.

Miyaji, T., Hangai, S., Kawaguchi, T., Kogure, Y., and Yamaguchi, T. Exploratory Clinical Research on Active Hexose Correlated Compound in the Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Mukoda, S., Kosuna, K., and Okada, F. Reduction of side affects of anticancer drugs by active hexose correlated compound (AHCC). Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research 1999;40.

Nakamoto, D., Shigama, K., Nishioka, H., and Fujii, H. Alleviating Effect of AHCC for Gemcitabine-Induced Hematopoietic Toxicity in Mice [Poster Session]. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Nishioka, H. and Wakame, K. Ameliorative effect of AHCC for anticancer drug-induced side effects [General Lecture]. Presented at the 16th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2008.

Nishioka, H. Preventive effect of AHCC for avian influenza virus. 15th International Symposium of the AHCC Research Association 2007.

Nishizawa, M., Okuyama, T., Yoshigai, E., and Okumura, T. AHCC Suppresses Expression of Cytokine/Chemokine mRNA in Rat Hepatocytes. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Nogusa, S., Gerbino, J., and Ritz, B. W. Low-dose supplementation with active hexose correlated compound improves the immune response to acute influenza infection in C57BL/6 mice. Nutr.Res 2009;29(2):139-143. View abstract.

Nomura, T., Adachi, S., Ryo, H., Kikuya, R., Hatanaka, E., Tokita, Y., Nakajima, H., Hongyo, T., and Parida, D. K. Prevention of Cancer and Malformation by Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) in Mice and Humans. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Nomura, T., Kikuya, R., Adachi, S., Ryo, H., Hatanaka, E., Kaji, M., Yasuda, K., Nakajima, H., Hongyo, T., Parida, D. K., and Wakame, K. Prevention of Cancer and Radiation Induced Disorders by Active Hexose Correlated Compound, AHCC in Mice and Humans. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Nomura, T., Nakajima, H., Hongyo, T., Kikuya, R., Adachi, S., Ryo, H., Tokita, Y., Eiko, H., Yoshida, N., Parida, D. K., and Wakame, K. Inhibition of Radiation Induced Late Effects (Congenital Malformations and Leukemia) by Active Hexose Correlated Compound, AHCC in Mice. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Ocon, B., Anzola, A., Ortega, M., Zarzuelo, A., Suarez, M. D., de Medina, F. S., and Augustin, O. M. Active Hexose Correlated Compound and Bifidobacterium Longum Exert Symbiotic Effects in Experimental Colitis. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Ocon, B., Anzola, A., Ortega-Gonzalez, M., Zarzuelo, A., Suarez, M. D., Sanchez de, Medina F., and Martinez-Augustin, O. Active hexose-correlated compound and Bifidobacterium longum BB536 exert symbiotic effects in experimental colitis. Eur.J Nutr 2013;52(2):457-466. View abstract.

Okumura, T., Matsumyia, M., Araki, Y., Matsuura, T., Kaibori, M., Kwon, A., Nishioka, H., Shigama, K., Nakamoto, D., Yoshigai, E., Hara, T., and Nishizawa, M. Effect of AHCC on the Induction of iNOS and Proinflammatory Cytokines in LPS-Treated Mice. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Okuyama, T., Yoshigai, E., Okumura, T., Ikeya, Y., and Nishizawa, M. Parallel Assessment of Effects of AHCC on Longevity of the Nematode C. elegans and Nitric Oxide Production in Rat Hepatocytes. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Parida, D. K., Wakame, K., and Nomura, T. Integrating Complimentary and Alternative Medicine in Form of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) in the Management of Head & Neck Cancer Patients. International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011;2:588-592.

Ritz, B. W. Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases survival following infectious challenge in mice. Nutr.Rev. 2008;66(9):526-531. View abstract.

Ritz, B. W., Nogusa, S., Ackerman, E. A., and Gardner, E. M. Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases the innate immune response of young mice to primary influenza infection. J Nutr. 2006;136(11):2868-2873. View abstract.

Roman, B. E., Beli, E., Duriancik, D. M., and Gardner, E. M. Short-term supplementation with active hexose correlated compound improves the antibody response to influenza B vaccine. Nutr Res. 2013;33(1):12-17. View abstract.

Sakaguchi, T., Ishizaki, M., Kaibori, M., Matsui, K., Hirooka, S., Tsuda, T., Matsushima, H., Matsui, Y., and Kwon, A. Complete Response of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using AHCC in Multimodality Therapy. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Sakaue, M., Maeda, K., Igura, T., Kitagawa, T., Sumi, R., Hirai, K., Kondo, K., and Ito, T. Phase I/II clinical study of AHCC as adverse effect reducer in cancer patients with chemotherapy (the 3rd report). Presented at the 17th AHCC Research Association 2009.

Sanchez de Medina, F., Plata, E. M., Romero-Calvo, I., Ortega, M., Gonzalez, R., Daddaoua, A., Martinez-Moya, P., Zarzuelo, A., Suarez, M. D., and Martinez-Augustin, O. Correlated Compound Exerts Immunomodulatory Effects and Induces Differentiation in Several Intestinal Cell Types that are Independent on their Prebiotic Actions. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Sasaki, S., Okawa, H., and Nishioka, H. Activation of Macrophages and Lymphocytes by AHCC-containing Liquid Product. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Sato, K., Ohashi, S., Tanaka, Y., Miki, H., Oishi, M., Tokuhara, K., Kaibori, T., Okumura, T., Nishizawa, M., and Kwon, A. Occurrence of Hydrophilic Hepato-protective Compounds in AHCC in Addition to Adenosine. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Shigama, K., Nakaya, A., Wakame, K., Nishioka, H., and Fujii, H. Alleviating effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) for anticancer drug-induced side effects in non-tumor-bearing mice. J Exp.Ther Oncol. 2009;8(1):43-51. View abstract.

Smith, J. A., Gaikwad, A., Jaffari, M., Frumovitz, M., and Meyer, L. Evaluation of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) for the Prevention or Delay of Tumor Growth in Human Cervical Cancer Xenograft Model. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Smith, J. A., Hunter, R. J., Fujii, H., Wakame, K., and Wolf, J. Defining Synergistic Activity ofthe Combination of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) with Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil). Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Sonnenfeld, G., Peyton, J., Cheadle, W., Fujii, H., and Sun, B. Effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) on Stress Hormones and Immune Parameters. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Spierings, E. L., Fujii, H., Sun, B., and Walshe, T. A Phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol.(Tokyo) 2007;53(6):536-539. View abstract.

Sula, J. Our Experience in Measuring the Increased Activity of Properdin in Patients with Cancer after Using AHCC for Six Months. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Sumiyoshi, Y., Hashine, K., Kakehi, Y., Yoshimura, K., Satou, T., Kuruma, H., Namiki, S., and Shinohara, N. Dietary administration of mushroom mycelium extracts in patients with early stage prostate cancers managed expectantly: a phase II study. Jpn.J Clin.Oncol. 2010;40(10):967-972. View abstract.

Sun, B., Mukoda, T., Miura, T., Fujii, H., Yuan, L., and White, R. Anti-tumor Effects of Genistein Combined Polysaccharide (GCP) and Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC). Translated. Biotherapy 2001;15(3):379-382.

Sun, B., Wakame, K., Mukoda, T., Toyoshima, A., Kanazawa, T., and Kosuna, K. Preventive effects of AHCC on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in mice. Nautral Medicine 1997;51(4):310-315.

Sun, B., Wakame, K., Sato, E., Nishioka, H., Aruoma, O. I., and Fujii, H. The effect of active hexose correlated compound in modulating cytosine arabinoside-induced hair loss, and 6-mercaptopurine- and methotrexate-induced liver injury in rodents. Cancer Epidemiol. 2009;33(3-4):293-299. View abstract.

Sundaresan, A., Wakame, K., and Kulkarni, A. D. AHCC Positively Regulates Liver Metabolism by Diminishing Oxidative Stress and Protects the Heart by Increasing Liver Trafficking of LDL. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Szalus, N. AHCC for Treatment ofIdiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in 11 Year-old Girl - A Case Report. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Szalus, N. and Budlewski, T. AHCC's Impact on the Immunological System and Adverse Effects in Patients with Disseminated Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) Treated with Radioisotope Preparation (90Y-DOTA-TATE). Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Takahashi, T., Shinobu, K., Nakayam, K., Yamada, M., Takeshita, K., Yamada, K., and Kuwabara, M. Augmentation of Canine Cellular Immune Response by Administration of AHCC [General Lecture]. Presented at the 8th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2000.

Tanaka, Y., Ohashi, S., Sato, K., Miki, H., Oishi, M., Tokuhara, K., Kaibori, M., Okumura, T., Nishizawa, M., and Kwon, A. H. Adenosine, a Hepato-protective Compound in AHCC. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Terada, M., Kitadate, K., Nanbo, Y., and Sato, F. Effects of AHCC on Hematological Parameters for Immunity and Stress in Thoroughbred Horses. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Terakawa, N., Matsui, Y., Satoi, S., Yanagimoto, H., Takahashi, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamao, J., Takai, S., Kwon, A. H., and Kamiyama, Y. Immunological effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr.Cancer 2008;60(5):643-651. View abstract.

Thaiudom, S., Piyaniran, W., and Chutaputthi, A. A study of the efficacy of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) in the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C patients at Phramongkutklao Hospital. The Medical News (Thailand) 2010;325:13-16.

Tolentino, R., Lola, C., Santos, C., Homma, K., and de Villa, R. AHCC Effects in Breast Cancer Prevention, Screening, Diagnosis and Management. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Turner, J. and Chaudhary, U. Dramatic prostate-specific antigen response with activated hemicellulose compound in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2009;20(3):215-216. View abstract.

Uno, K., Kosuna, K., Sun, B., Fujii, H., Wakame, K., Chikumaru, S., Hosokawa, G., and Ueda, Y. Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) Improves Immunological Parameters and Performance Status of Patients with Solid Tumors. Biotherapy 2000;14(3):303-309.

Urushima, H., Matsumoto, M., Hayashi, N., Maeda, K., Tamaki, Y., Noguchi, S., and Ito, T. Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial (RCT) of AHCC for the Reduction of Side Effects in Breast Cancer Chemotherapy. Presented at the 19th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2011.

Wakame K. Protective Effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) on the Onset of Diabetes Induced by Streptozotocin in the Rat. Biomedical Research 1999;20(3):145-152.

Waki, H., Miyazaki, S., and Hisajima, T. The Effects of AHCC on the Autonomic Nervous Function. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Wang, S., Ichimura, K., and Wakame, K. Preventive effects of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) on oxidative stress induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate in the rat. Dokkyo Journal of Medical Sciences 2001;28(2-3):745-752.

Wang, S., Wakame, K., Igarashi, Y., Kosuna, K., and Matsuzaki, S. AHCC on Immobilization Stress in the Rat: Beneficial Effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound. Dokkyo Journal of Medical Sciences 2001;28(1):559-565.

Wang, S., Welte, T., Fang, H., Chang, G. J., Born, W. K., O'Brien, R. L., Sun, B., Fujii, H., Kosuna, K., and Wang, T. Oral administration of active hexose correlated compound enhances host resistance to West Nile encephalitis in mice. J Nutr. 2009;139(3):598-602. View abstract.

Yagami, K., Nishizawa, M., Shirota, T., Shigeru, Y., and Yagasaki, T. AHCC Maintains the Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Inhibiting NO Production by the Inflammatory Cytokines. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Yagita, A., Maruyama, S., Wakasugi, S., and Sukegawa, Y. H-2 haplotype-dependent serum IL-12 production in tumor-bearing mice treated with various mycelial extracts. In Vivo 2002;16(1):49-54. View abstract.

Yanagimoto, H., Satoi, S., Toyokawa, S., Yamamoto, T., Hirooka, S., Yamao, J., Araki, H., Matsui, Y., and Kwon, A. The Beneficial Effect of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC), a Health Food Component, in Patients with Pancreatic or Biliary Tract Cancer who Underwent Chemotherapy. Presented at the 40th APA (American Pancreatic Association) 2009.

Ye, S. F., Wakame, K., Ichimura, K., and Matsuzaki, S. Amelioration by active hexose correlated compound of endocrine disturbances induced by oxidative stress in the rat. Endocr.Regul. 2004;38(1):7-13. View abstract.

Yin, Z., Fujii, H., and Walshe, T. Effects of active hexose correlated compound on frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells producing interferon-gamma and/or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in healthy adults. Hum.Immunol. 2010;71(12):1187-1190. View abstract.

Zhang, X. H., Nishioka, H., and Fujii, H. Inhibitory Effect of AHCC and GCP on Upregulated CD133 and Nestin Expressions Induced by Norepinephrine in C6 Glioma Cells. Presented at the 20th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2012.

Bach, A., Ferrer, A., Puig, D. M., Ahedo, J., and Chetri, C. Effects of Supplementing a Combination of Nucleoforce® and AHCC to Dairy Calves prior Weaning on Respiratory Afflictions and Immune Response during the Postweaning Period. Presented at the 18th International Congress on Nutrition and Integrative Medicine (ICNIM) 2010.

Ishizuka, R., Fujii, H., Miura, T., Fukuchi, Y., and Tajima, K. Review of Cancer Therapy with AHCC® and GCP®; The Long-Term Follow-Up over 12 Years for Stage IV (M1) Cancer of the Lung and the Breast. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2010;2(1):98-111.

Ye SF, Ichimura K, Wakame K, Ohe M. Suppressive effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound on the increased activity of hepatic and renal ornithine decarboxylase induced by oxidative stress. Life Sci 2003;74:593-602. View abstract.