Alexandrian-laurel, Alexandrinischer Lorbeer, Borneo-mahogany, Calanolide, Calophylle Inophyle, Calophylle Inophylle, Calophyllum inophyllum, Calophyllum Tree, Colophyllum Inophyllum, Huile de Tamanu, Indian-laurel, Kamani Punna, Laurier d'Alexandrie, Laurier Alexandrin, Mahogany, Palo de Santa Maria, Oleum Caulophyllum, Palo Maria, Punnanga, Takamaka, Tamanu, Tamanu Oil, Temanu, Undi.
Laurelwood is a plant. The nut and other plant parts are used to make medicine.
Don't confuse laurelwood (Calophyllum inophyllum) with blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides).
Laurelwood is used for leprosy, hemorrhoids, scabies, gonorrhea, vaginal infections, and chicken pox.
One of the chemicals in laurelwood (constituent (+)-calanolide A) is used for HIV infection. A pharmaceutical company is currently testing this chemical to see if it meets standards of safety and effectiveness that will qualify it for sale as a prescription drug.
Tamanu oil from the nut of laurelwood is used for skin conditions including sunburn, rashes, burns, psoriasis, dermatitis, scratches, skin blemishes, acne, skin allergies, bedsores, rosacea, and hemorrhoids; and for infant skin care.
How does it work?
Laurelwood contains compounds that have been tested in the laboratory and seem to be somewhat effective against HIV and tuberculosis. However, there isn't enough evidence to know if laurelwood works for medicinal uses in humans.
QUESTION
Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See AnswerInsufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...
TAKEN BY MOUTH
- HIV/AIDS.
- Leprosy.
- Scabies.
- Gonorrhea.
- Vaginal infections.
- Chicken pox.
- Other conditions.
- Sunburn.
- Rashes.
- Burns.
- Psoriasis.
- Scratches.
- Skin blemishes.
- Acne.
- Skin allergies.
- Bedsores.
- Rosacea.
- Hemorrhoids.
- Infant skin care.
- Other conditions.
Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).
SLIDESHOW
Vitamin D Deficiency: How Much Vitamin D Is Enough? See SlideshowThe appropriate dose of laurelwood depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for laurelwood. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
De Clercq, E. Current lead natural products for the chemotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Med.Res Rev. 2000;20(5):323-349. View abstract.
Adeyeye, A. Studies on seed oils of Garcinia kola and Calophyllum inophyllum. Journal Of The Science Of Food And Agriculture 1991;57(3):441-442.
Arora, R. B., Mathur, C. N., and Seth, S. D. Calophyllolide, a complex coumarin anticoagulant from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. J Pharm Pharmacol 1962;14:534-535. View abstract.
Boyer PL, Currens MH, McMahon JB. Analysis of nonnucleoside drug-resistant variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. J Virol 1993;67:2412-20. View abstract.
Buckheit RW, White EL, Fliakas-Boltz V, et al. Unique anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors calanolide A, costatolide, and dihydrocostatolide. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:1827-34. View abstract.
Crane, S., Aurore, G., Joseph, H., Mouloungui, Z., and Bourgeois, P. Composition of fatty acids triacylglycerols and unsaponifiable matter in Calophyllum calaba L. oil from Guadeloupe. Phytochemistry 2005;66(15):1825-1831. View abstract.
Currens MJ, Gulakowski RJ, Mariner JM, et al. Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of calanolide A against the human immunodeficiency virus type-1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996;279:645-51. View abstract.
Currens MJ, Nariner JM, McMahon JB, Boyd MR. Kinetic analysis of inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-a reverse transcriptase by calanolide A. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996;279:652-61. View abstract.
Gopalakrishnan, C., Shankaranarayanan, D., Naximudeen, S. K., Viswanathan, S., and Kameswaran, L. Anti-inflammatory and C.N.S. depressant activities of xanthones from
Govindachari, T. R., Viswanathan, N., Pai, B. R., Rao, R., and Srinivasan, M. Triterpenes of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. Tetrahedron 1967;23(4):1901-1910. View abstract.
Hemavathy, J. and Prabhakar, J. V. Lipid composition of Calophyllum inophyllum kernel. Journal Of The American Oil Chemists' Society 1990;67(12):955-957.
Itoigawa, M., Ito, C., Tan, H. T., Kuchide, M., Tokuda, H., Nishino, H., and Furukawa, H. Cancer chemopreventive agents, 4-phenylcoumarins from Calophyllum inophyllum. Cancer Lett. 8-10-2001;169(1):15-19. View abstract.
Laure, F., Herbette, G., Faure, R., Bianchini, J. P., Raharivelomanana, P., and Fogliani, B. Structures of new secofriedelane and friedelane acids from Calophyllum inophyllum of French Polynesia. Magn Reson.Chem 2005;43(1):65-68. View abstract.
Le Coz, C. J. Allergic contact dermatitis from tamanu oil (Calophyllum inophyllum, Calophyllum tacamahaca). Contact Dermatitis 2004;51(4):216-217. View abstract.
Newman RA, Chen W, Madden TL. Pharmaceutical properties of related calanolide compounds with activity against human immunodeficiency virus. J Pharm Sci 1998;87:1077-80. View abstract.
Oku, H., Ueda, Y., Iinuma, M., and Ishiguro, K. Inhibitory effects of xanthones from guttiferae plants on PAF-induced hypotension in mice. Planta Med 2005;71(1):90-92. View abstract.
Patil, A. D., Freyer, A. J., Eggleston, D. S., Haltiwanger, R. C., Bean, M. F., Taylor, P. B., Caranfa, M. J., Breen, A. L., Bartus, H. R., Johnson, R. K., and . The inophyllums, novel inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase isolated from the Malaysian tree, Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. J Med Chem 12-24-1993;36(26):4131-4138. View abstract.
Pillai, S. N., Desai, M. V., and Shah, H. M. Antihelminthic properties of Punnakkai Cake (Calophyllum inophyllum). Indian J Mycol Plant Path 1974;4(145):150.
Potti, G. R. and Kurup, P. A. Antibacterial principle of the root bark of Calophyllum inophyllum: isolation and antibacterial activity. Indian J Exp.Biol. 1970;8(1):39-40. View abstract.
Protocol Title: A Phase 1B Dose-Range Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Effects of (+)-calaonlide A on surrogate markers in HIV-positive patients with no previous antiretroviral therapy. Protocol ID numbers: FDA 297A.
Raveloniato, B., Libot, F., Ramiandrasoa, F., Kunesch, N., Gayral, P., and Poisson, J. Molluscicidal constituents of Calophyllum from Madagascar: activity of some natural and synthetic neoflavonoids and khellactones. Planta Med 1992;58(1):51-55.
Reuters Health. Anti-HIV herbal product shows therapeutic potential in phase I trial. November 1, 1999.
Saxena, R. C., Nath, R., Nigam, S. K., and Bhargava, K. P. Effect of calophyllolide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, on capillary permeability. J Med Plant Res 1982;44(246):248.
Sekino, E., Kumamoto, T., Tanaka, T., Ikeda, T., and Ishikawa, T. Concise synthesis of anti-HIV-1 active (+)-inophyllum B and (+)-calanolide A by application of (-)-quinine-catalyzed intramolecular oxo-Michael addition. J Org Chem 4-16-2004;69(8):2760-2767. View abstract.
Shen, Y. C., Hung, M. C., Wang, L. T., and Chen, C. Y. Inocalophyllins A, B and their methyl esters from the seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum. Chem Pharm Bull.(Tokyo) 2003;51(7):802-806. View abstract.
Spino, C., Dodier, M., and Sotheeswaran, S. Anti-HIV coumarins from Calophyllum seed oil. Bioorg.Med Chem Lett. 12-15-1998;8(24):3475-3478. View abstract.
Taylor, P. B., Culp, J. S., Debouck, C., Johnson, R. K., Patil, A. D., Woolf, D. J., Brooks, I., and Hertzberg, R. P. Kinetic and mutational analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibition by inophyllums, a novel class of non-nucleoside inhibitors. J Biol.Chem 3-4-1994;269(9):6325-6331. View abstract.
Yimdjo, M. C., Azebaze, A. G., Nkengfack, A. E., Meyer, A. M., Bodo, B., and Fomum, Z. T. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents from Calophyllum inophyllum. Phytochemistry 2004;65(20):2789-2795. View abstract.