Butcher's Broom

Last Editorial Review: 6/11/2021
Other Name(s):

Balai du Boucher, Box Holly, Fragon, Fragon Épineux, Fragon Faux Houx, Fragon Piquant, Houx Frelon, Jew's Myrtle, Kneeholm, Knee Holly, Petit Houx, Pettigree, Sweet Broom, Rusci Aculeati, Rusci Aculeati Rhizoma, Rusco, Ruscus aculeatus.

Overview

Butcher's broom is a plant. The root is used to make medicine.

Butcher's broom is used for hemorrhoids, gallstones, “hardening of the arteries” (atherosclerosis), and for symptoms of poor blood circulation such as pain, heaviness, leg cramps, leg swelling, varicose veins, itching, and swelling. Butcher's broom is also used as a laxative, as a diuretic to increase urine output, to reduce swelling, and to speed the healing of fractures.

In some cultures, the roots are eaten in much the same way as asparagus.

How does it work?

The chemicals in butcher's broom might cause the blood vessels to narrow or constrict. Butcher's broom might improve blood circulation in the legs by preventing blood from "pooling" in the veins.

QUESTION

Walking can maintain your body weight and lower many health risks. True or false? See Answer

Uses & Effectiveness

Possibly Effective for...

  • Circulatory problems (chronic venous insufficiency). Some research shows that taking butcher's broom by mouth, alone or in combination with vitamin C and hesperidin, seems to relieve the symptoms of poor circulation in the legs, such as pain, heaviness, cramps, itching, and swelling.

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Vision problems caused by diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Early research suggests that taking a specific product containing butcher's broom extract (Fagorutin-Ruscus, Fink GmbH) by mouth for 3 months does not improve vision in people with diabetic retinopathy.
  • Swelling of the arms (lymphedema). Early research suggests that taking a specific product (Cyclo 3 Fort) containing butcher's broom root extract, hesperidin methyl chalcone, and vitamin C by mouth for 90 days reduces swelling in the upper arm and forearm, and improves mobility and heaviness in women with swelling of the arm after breast cancer treatment.
  • Low blood pressure when getting up (orthostatic hypotension). Some research suggests that taking butcher's broom by mouth might relieve the syndrome of low blood pressure upon getting up.
  • Constipation.
  • Hemorrhoids.
  • Fluid retention.
  • Broken bones.
  • Circulation diseases.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of butcher's broom for these uses.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).

Side Effects

Butcher's broom is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth for up to 3 months.

It may cause stomach upset and nausea.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking butcher's broom if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

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Interactions


Medications used for high blood pressure (Alpha-adrenergic antagonists)Interaction Rating: Moderate Be cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Butcher's broom might speed up the nervous system, increase blood pressure, and make the heart beat fast. By increasing blood pressure, butcher's broom might decrease the effectiveness of some medications used for high blood pressure.

Some of these medications used for high blood pressure include doxazosin (Cardura), terazosin (Hytrin), yohimbine (Aphrodyne), and others.


Stimulant Medications (Alpha-adrenergic agonists)Interaction Rating: Moderate Be cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Butcher's broom might speed up the nervous system, increase blood pressure, and make the heart beat fast. Stimulant medications can also speed up the nervous system, increase blood pressure, and make the heart beat fast. Taking butcher's broom with stimulant medications might cause too much stimulation. This might make the blood pressure go too high or the heart beat too fast.

Some of these stimulant medications include pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, others), ephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, and others.

Dosing

The following dose has been studied in scientific research:

BY MOUTH:

  • For relieving symptoms of poor circulation (chronic venous insufficiency): 150 mg of butcher's broom root extract, combined with 150 mg of hesperidin and 100 mg of ascorbic acid twice daily.

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References

Archimowicz-Cyrylowska, B. Clinical effect of buckwheat herb, Ruscus extract and troxerutin on retinopathy and lipids in diabetic patients. Phytotherapy Res 1996;10:659-662.

Beltramino, R., Penenory, A., and Buceta, A. M. An open-label, randomised multicentre study comparing the efficacy and safety of CYCLO 3 FORT versus hydroxyethyl rutoside in chronic venous lymphatic insufficiency. Int Angiol. 1999;18(4):337-342. View abstract.

Bohmer, D. Action of Ruscus extract cream in the treatment of sports injuries. In: Vanhoutte, P. M. Return Circulation and Norepinephrine: An Update. Paris: John Libbey Euretext;1991.

Bouaziz, N., Michiels, C., Janssens, D., Berna, N., Eliaers, F., Panconi, E., and Remacle, J. Effect of Ruscus extract and hesperidin methylchalcone on hypoxia-induced activation of endothelial cells. Int Angiol. 1999;18(4):306-312. View abstract.

Bouskela, E., Cyrino, F. Z., and Marcelon, G. Effects of Ruscus extract on the internal diameter of arterioles and venules of the hamster cheek pouch microcirculation. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol 1993;22(2):221-224. View abstract.

Bouskela, E., Cyrino, F. Z., and Marcelon, G. Possible mechanisms for the inhibitory effect of Ruscus extract on increased microvascular permeability induced by histamine in hamster cheek pouch. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol 1994;24(2):281-285. View abstract.

Boyle, P., Diehm, C., and Robertson, C. Meta-analysis of clinical trials of Cyclo 3 Fort in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Int Angiol. 2003;22(3):250-262. View abstract.

Capra, C. Studio farmacologico e tossicologico di componenti del ruscus aculeatus L. Fitoterapia 1972;43:99.

Cluzan, R. V., Alliot, F., Ghabboun, S., and Pascot, M. Treatment of secondary lymphedema of the upper limb with CYCLO 3 FORT. Lymphology 1996;29(1):29-35. View abstract.

Consoli, A. [Chronic venous insufficiency: an open trial of FLEBS Crema]. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2003;51(4):411-416. View abstract.

Dunouau, C., Belle, R., Oulad-Ali, A., Anton, R., and David, B. Triterpenes and sterols from Ruscus aculeatus. Planta Med 1996;62(2):189-190. View abstract.

Elbadir, S., El Sayed, F., and Renaud, F. L'allergie de contact aux ruscogenines. Rev.Fr Allergol Immunol Clin 1998;38:37-40.

Facino, R. M., Carini, M., Stefani, R., Aldini, G., and Saibene, L. Anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase activities of saponins and sapogenins from Hedera helix, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Ruscus aculeatus: factors contributing to their efficacy in the treatment of venous insufficiency. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1995;328(10):720-724. View abstract.

Guarrera, P. M. Traditional phytotherapy in Central Italy (Marche, Abruzzo, and Latium). Fitoterapia 2005;76(1):1-25. View abstract.

Jager, K., Eichlisberger, R., Jeanneret, C., and Lobs, K. H. Pharmacodynamic Effects of Ruscus Extract (Cyclo 3 Fort) on Superficial and Deep Veins in Patients with Primary Varicose Veins: Assessment by Duplexsonography. Clinical Drug Investigation 1999;17(4):265.

Jiminez Cossio, J. A., Magallon Orton, P. J., and Capilla Montes, M. T. Therapeutic test of Ruscus extract in pregnant women: evaluation of the fetal tolerance applying the pulse Doppler's method of the cord. In: Vanhoutte, P. M. Return Circulation and Norepinephrine: An Update. Paris: John Libbey Euretext;1991.

Lagrue, G., Behar, A., Chaabane, A., and Laurent, J. Edema induced by calcium antagonists. Effects of Ruscus extract on clinical and biological parameters. In: Vanhoutte, P. M. Return Circulation and Norepinephrine: An Update. Paris: John Libbey Euretext;1991.

Landa, N., Aguirre, A., Goday, J., Raton, J. A., and Diaz-Perez, J. L. Allergic contact dermatitis from a vasoconstrictor cream. Contact Dermatitis 1990;22(5):290-291. View abstract.

MacKay, D. Hemorrhoids and varicose veins: a review of treatment options. Altern Med Rev 2001;6(2):126-140. View abstract.

Miller, V. M., Rud, K. S., and Gloviczki, P. Pharmacological assessment of adrenergic receptors in human varicose veins. Int Angiol. 2000;19(2):176-183. View abstract.

Mimaki, Y., Kuroda, M., Kameyama, A., Yokosuka, A., and Sashida, Y. Aculeoside B, a new bisdesmosidic spirostanol saponin from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus. J Nat.Prod 1998;61(10):1279-1282. View abstract.

Mimaki, Y., Kuroda, M., Kameyama, A., Yokosuka, A., and Sashida, Y. New steroidal constituents of the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus and their cytostatic activity on HL-60 cells. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998;46(2):298-303. View abstract.

Mimaki, Y., Kuroda, M., Kameyama, A., Yokosuka, A., and Sashida, Y. Steroidal saponins from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus and their cytostatic activity on HL-60 cells. Phytochemistry 1998;48(3):485-493. View abstract.

Monteil-Seurin, J. Efficacy of Ruscus extract in the treatment of the premenstrual syndrome. In: Vanhoutte, P. M. Return Circulation and Norepinephrine: An Update. Paris: John Libbey Euretext;1991.

Nemcova, S., Gloviczki, P., Rud, K. S., and Miller, V. M. Cyclic nucleotides and production of prostanoids in human varicose veins. J Vasc.Surg 1999;30(5):876-883. View abstract.

Parrado, F. and Buzzi, A. A Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of a Preparation Containing Ruscus aculeatus in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency of the Lower Limbs. Clinical Drug Investigation, 1999;8(4):255.

Rauwald, H. W. and Grunwidi, J. Rauwald HW, Grunwidi J. Ruscus aculeatus extract: unambiguous proof of the absorption of spirostanol glycosides in human plasma after oral administration. Planta Med 1991;57:A75-A76.

Rauwald, H. W. and Janssen, B. Improved Isolation and HPLC/TLC Analyses of Major Saponins from Ruscus aculeatus. Planta Med 1988;54(6):581. View abstract.

Rubanyi, G., Marcelon, G., and Vanhoutte, P. M. Effect of temperature on the responsiveness of cutaneous veins to the extract of Ruscus aculeatus. Gen Pharmacol 1984;15(5):431-434. View abstract.

Rudofsky, G. [Improving venous tone and capillary sealing. Effect of a combination of Ruscus extract and hesperidine methyl chalcone in healthy probands in heat stress]. Fortschr.Med 6-30-1989;107(19):52, 55-52, 58. View abstract.

Weindorf, N. and Schultz-Ehrenburg, U. [Controlled study of increasing venous tone in primary varicose veins by oral administration of Ruscus aculeatus and trimethylhespiridinchalcone]. Z.Hautkr. 1-1-1987;62(1):28-38. View abstract.

Beltramino R, Penenory A, Buceta AM. An open-label, randomized multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of Cyclo 3 Fort versus hydroxyethyl rutoside in chronic venous lymphatic insufficiency. Angiology 2000;51:535-44.. View abstract.

Bennani, A., Biadillah, M. C., and Cherkaoui, A. Acute attack of hemorrhoids: Efficacy of. Cyclo 3 Fort® based on results in 124 cases reported by specialists. Phlebologie 1999;52:89-93.

Cappelli R, Nicora M, Di Perri T. Use of extract of Ruscus aculeatus in venous disease in the lower limbs. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1988;14:277-83. View abstract.

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Vanscheidt W, Jost V, Wolna P, et al. Efficacy and safety of a Butcher's broom preparation (Ruscus aculeatus L. extract) compared to placebo in patients suffering from chronic venous insufficiency. Arzneimittelforschung 2002;52:243-250.. View abstract.