Arum

Last Editorial Review: 6/11/2021
Other Name(s):

Adder's Root, Aro, Aro Maculado, Arum maculatum, Arum Tacheté, Bobbins, Chandelle, Cocky Baby, Cornet, Cuckoo Pint, Cypress Powder, Dragon Root, Friar's Cowl, Gaglee, Gouet, Gouet Commun, Gouet Tacheté, Herbe à Pain, Kings and Queens, Ladysmock, Langue de Bœuf, Lords and Ladies, Manteau de la Sainte Vierge, Pain de Pourceau, Parson and Clerk, Pied de Veau, Pilette, Portland Arrowroot, Quaker, Ramp, Starchwort, Vachotte, Wake Robin, Yaro.

Overview

Arum is a plant. The root is used to make medicine.

Despite serious safety concerns, arum is used for colds and swelling (inflammation) of the throat. It is also used to promote sweating and to loosen chest congestion.

How does it work?

There isn't enough information to know how arum works.

SLIDESHOW

Vitamin D Deficiency: How Much Vitamin D Is Enough? See Slideshow

Uses & Effectiveness

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Colds.
  • Throat swelling (inflammation).
  • Loosening chest congestion.
  • Promoting sweating.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of arum for these uses.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).

Side Effects

Arum is UNSAFE when taken by mouth. The root has poisonous chemicals that can cause a swollen tongue. These chemicals can also cause bloody vomiting and bloody diarrhea, which are signs of dangerous bleeding inside the body.

QUESTION

Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See Answer

Special Precautions & Warnings

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: It's UNSAFE to take arum by mouth if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. It contains poisonous chemicals. Don't use it.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of arum depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for arum. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

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Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.

References

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Alencar, V. B., Alencar, N. M., Assreuy, A. M., Mota, M. L., Brito, G. A., Aragao, K. S., Bittencourt, F. S., Pinto, V. P., Debray, H., Ribeiro, R. A., and Cavada, B. S. Pro-inflammatory effect of Arum maculatum lectin and role of resident cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2005;37(9):1805-1814. View abstract.

Allen, A. K. Purification and characterization of an N-acetyllactosamine-specific lectin from tubers of Arum maculatum. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 5-11-1995;1244(1):129-132. View abstract.

Brzeski, Z. and Budzynska, H. [Clinical picture of poisoning with Arum]. Pol.Tyg.Lek. 9-16-1968;23(38):1442-1443. View abstract.

Bulanov, I., Mladenov, I., Boianovska, V., Gateva, I., and Stanislavov, R. [The effect of lectins on human spermatozoa in the capillary sperm penetration test]. Eksp.Med Morfol. 1990;29(2):42-45. View abstract.

Klouchek-Popova, E., Koleva, M., Popov, A., Tsonev, I., and Akhtardzhiev, Kh. [Pharmacological and morphological studies of the effect of the glucomannan isolated from Arum maculatum on experimental stomach ulcers]. Eksp.Med Morfol. 1979;18(4):234-239. View abstract.

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Majumder, P., Mondal, H. A., and Das, S. Insecticidal activity of Arum maculatum tuber lectin and its binding to the glycosylated insect gut receptors. J Agric.Food Chem. 8-24-2005;53(17):6725-6729. View abstract.

Mladenov, I. V., Haralambieva, I. H., Iankov, I. D., and Mitov, I. G. Characterisation of 20-kDa lectin-spermagglutinin from Arum maculatum that prevents Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of L-929 fibroblast cells. FEMS Immunol.Med.Microbiol. 2-18-2002;32(3):249-254. View abstract.

Mladenov, I., Bulanov, I., and Stamenova, M. [The sperm-agglutinating activity of the fractions of saline root extracts from Arum maculatum]. Eksp.Med.Morfol. 1993;31(1-2):22-28. View abstract.

Mladenov, I., Bulanov, I., Popov, A., and Boianovska, V. [Localization of receptors for phytospermoagglutinin from Arum maculatum on human spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa]. Eksp.Med.Morfol. 1989;28(4):30-32. View abstract.

Mladenov, I., Bulanov, I., Stamenova, M., and Ribarova, F. [The composition and structure of isolectins from Arum maculatum]. Eksp.Med.Morfol. 1990;29(1):36-39. View abstract.

Mrvos, R., Dean, B. S., and Krenzelok, E. P. Philodendron/dieffenbachia ingestions: are they a problem? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1991;29(4):485-491. View abstract.

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Roychowdhury, T., Uchino, T., Tokunaga, H., and Ando, M. Survey of arsenic in food composites from an arsenic-affected area of West Bengal, India. Food Chem Toxicol 2002;40(11):1611-1621. View abstract.

Van Damme, E. J., Goossens, K., Smeets, K., Van Leuven, F., Verhaert, P., and Peumans, W. J. The major tuber storage protein of araceae species is a lectin. Characterization and molecular cloning of the lectin from Arum maculatum L. Plant Physiol 1995;107(4):1147-1158. View abstract.

Jaspersen-Schib R, Theus L, Guirguis-Oeschger M, et al. [Serious plant poisonings in Switzerland 1966-1994. Case analysis from the Swiss Toxicology Information Center]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1996;126:1085-98. View abstract.