What Type of Surgeon Removes Gallbladder?

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped pouch underneath the liver that stores the bile, a chemical fluid, produced by the liver and helps digest fatty food.

Occasionally, gallbladder becomes swollen and inflamed and needs to be removed. A condition with the swollen gallbladder is called as cholecystitis. The most common cause of cholecystitis is gallbladder stones (Others being typhoid infection, polyps, and tumors).

A gallbladder stone is formed because of the bile getting concentrated around a source (nidus). The source may be an infective focus, fat, or a hardened piece of bile secretion itself. Gallbladder stones can cause the pancreas to swell (pancreatitis) or cause jaundice by obstruction of the bile flow.

If these gallstones aren’t causing any symptoms, then your doctor may not advise surgery. Generally, these stony structures formed in the gallbladder do not dissolve with any medications. They may block the ducts, and you may experience many other severe debilitating symptoms called “gallbladder attack.” These symptoms are as follows:

• Intense, sharp, knife-like pain in your upper belly that may last several hours
• Problems related to digestion such as flatulence and heartburn
• Fever with chills
• Yellow skin and eyes

Upon ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, or other tests, the doctor may detect the following causes of your pain:

Gallstones in your gallbladder

Gallbladder infection

Gallbladder tumor

• In such a case, your doctor may suggest removing your gallbladder. It is known as “cholecystectomy.” There are two ways to remove your gallbladder, namely, open surgery or laparoscopic surgery.
  • In open surgery, the surgeon will make a 5- to 7-inch cut on your belly to get wider access and better visibility into the belly. This method will be suggested to you if you have
    • Bleeding disorders.
    • Severe gallbladder disease.
    • Excess weight.
    • Pregnancy (last trimester).
• In the laparoscopic method, the surgeon will make four small (1-2-inch diameter) key-hole-sized cuts on your belly. They will insert flexible thin tubes with a light and tiny camera through these openings. They can visualize the inside organs with endoscopes and be able to remove the diseased organ by passing special tools through another hole.

Both surgeries are performed under general anesthesia, in which you will be sedated throughout the procedure. Laparoscopic surgeries are more commonly performed because they are nearly bloodless, are minimally invasive, and have a faster recovery than open surgeries.

If this diseased gallbladder is not removed, it may cause more serious health problems such as:

• Gallbladder inflammation
• Inflammation of the pancreas
• Inflammation of the bile ducts

Usually, gallbladder removal is a safe procedure. However, you may still have some problems including:

• After-effects of anesthesia
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Swelling
• Bile leakage
• Damage to the bile duct
• Blood clot formation in the deep blood vessels
• Heart problems
• Damage to your gut, bowel, or blood vessels
• Pneumonia (lung infection and inflammation)

See your doctor if you have:

• High-grade fever (>101°F) after surgery.
• Severely painful or swollen belly.
• Yellowish skin and eyes.
• Bleeding or oozing from the wound.
• Severe pain, even after pain medication.
• Breathing problems.
• Cough that does not resolve.
• Nausea.
• Vomiting.